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SS Irish Willow (1918)
''Irish Willow'' was one of the few ships which maintained Irish trade during World War II.
At the outbreak of World War II, known as "The Emergency",〔Share (preface p.ix)〕 Ireland declared neutrality and became isolated as never before.〔Ferriter, ''What If?'', p. 100: (Quoting Garvin) "Irish isolationism was a very powerful cultural sentiment at that time".〕 Although Ireland had a substantial food surplus, there were shortages of specific foods such as fruits, wheat and tea. There were very few Irish ships as shipping had been neglected〔Sweeney p. 204〕 since independence. Foreign ships which had transported Irish cargoes, before the war, were soon unavailable.
''Otto'', an Estonian ship, was in Cobh when the Republic of Estonia was suppressed by the USSR. In October 1941 trustees for the absent owners leased her to Irish Shipping. She was renamed ''Irish Willow'',〔Cleare p. 62〕 She made 18 voyages to Saint John, New Brunswick, returning with wheat. She also exported food to Britain and imported coal. Initially Irish ships sailed in British convoys. In the light of experience they chose to sail alone, relying on their neutral markings. German respect for that neutrality varied from friendly to tragic.
==Construction==
The ship was built for the United States Shipping Board in Toledo, Ohio (Yard Number:143) by the Toledo Shipbuilding Company. A Standard World War I cargo ship,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WWI Standard ships, War C to War H )〕 she was laid down as ''War Flag'', but named ''Lake Sunapee'' after the lake in New Hampshire.〔 She was launched on 28 December 1917, while World War I was still in progress.〔 The ship was a single deck vessel with a grain capacity of and bunker capacity of . She was long, wide and deep.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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